![]() ![]() The first two CMEs are mostly off-target, but they could deliver glancing blows on Nov. GEOMAGNETIC STORM WATCH (G2): High-latitude sky watchers should be alert for auroras this weekend when as many as three CMEs could make contact with Earth's magnetic field. 28, 2023, as a show of thanks for years of service and hope for future daisies: Until then, we will maintain AIM's iconic "daily daisy," frozen at Feb. There may be some hope of a recovery as AIM's orbit precesses into full sunlight in 2024. As a result AIM is offline, perhaps permanently. What happened to NASA's AIM spacecraft, which has been monitoring NLCs since 2007? Earlier this year, the spacecraft's battery failed. As the season progresses, these dots will multiply in number and shift in hue from blue to red as the brightness of the clouds intensifies. For the rest of the season, daily maps from NOAA 21 will be presented here:Įach dot is a detected cloud. An instrument onboard NOAA 21 ( OMPS LP) is able to detect NLCs (also known as "polar mesospheric clouds" or PMCs). The first clouds were detected inside the Arctic Circle by the NOAA 21 satellite. ![]() The northern season for NLCs began on May 26th. Solar wind flowing from this coronal hole should reach Earth on Nov. Switch to: Europe, USA, New Zealand, Antarctica Neutron counts from the University of Oulu's Sodankyla Geophysical Observatory show that cosmic rays reaching Earth are slowly declining-a result of the yin-yang relationship between the solar cycle and cosmic rays. Credit: SDO/HMIĬosmic Rays Solar Cycle 25 is intensifying, and this is reflected in the number of cosmic rays entering Earth's atmosphere. NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md.Sunspot AR3474 has a 'beta-gamma' magnetic field that harbors energy for M-class solar fares. Newman said the scientists are conducting further research now to figure out if the event was a “black swan,” a once-in-a-generation event, or a “canary in the coal mine,” a shift with unforeseen circumstances, caused by climate change. They have two hypotheses for what could have triggered it – the particularly strong El Niño in 2015-16 or the long-term trend of rising global temperatures. With this disruption now documented, Newman and colleagues are currently focused on studying both its causes and potential implications. The amount of ozone at the equator changes by 10 percent between the peaks of the easterly and westerly phases, while the oscillation also has an impact on levels of polar ozone depletion. The quasi-biennial oscillation has a wide influence on stratospheric conditions. What would cause a wind pattern that held for at least 60 years to suddenly change? NASA scientists are working to understand the recent quirky behavior of winds in Earth’s stratosphere.Ĭredits: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center Kayvon Sharghi, producerĭownload this video in HD formats from NASA Goddard’s Scientific Visualization Studio “It’s really interesting when nature throws us a curveball,” Newman said. This new pattern held for nearly half a year, and by July 2016 the old regime seemed to resume. But then the westerlies appeared to move upwards and block the downward movement of the easterlies. The regular pattern held that weaker easterly winds would soon replace them. As the year came to a close, winds from the west neared the end of their typical descent. The pattern never changed – until late 2015. In the 1960s scientists coined it the “quasi-biennial oscillation.” The record of these measurements, made by weather balloons released in the tropics at various points around the globe, dates to 1953. ![]() In turn, the easterlies descend and are replaced by westerlies. Westerly winds develop at the top of the stratosphere, and gradually descend to the bottom, about 10 miles above the surface while at the same time being replaced by a layer of easterly winds above them. Winds in the tropical stratosphere, an atmospheric layer that extends from about 10 to 30 miles above Earth’s surface, circulate the planet in alternating easterly and westerly directions over roughly a two-year period. ![]()
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